Elements of Design Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Elements of Design - Research Paper Example Sylbert had a tremendous impact on the film and, along with the art director W. Stewart Campbell, would be nominated for an Academy Award (Eaton). In terms of specific contributions, Sylbert oversaw the costuming which placed strong emphasis on 1930s accuracy. In addition, it was Sylbert’s responsibility to design and structure the facades that would be built as the vintage backdrop (Eaton). In these regards, he constructed bleach-washed facades that were reminiscent of drought-era 1930s Los Angeles. Art Director The film’s production designer was W. Stewart Campbell. W. Stewart Campbell worked directly with Richard Sylbert in envisioning and constructing general mise-en-scene elements. In this specific film Campbell contributed more to the specific mise-en-scene within the context of individual scenes, whereas Sylbert functioned as constructing the overarching production model (Eaton). Ultimately, both individuals would be nominated for Best Art Director. Use of light in the scene Lighting is a highly important element in the scene. Indeed, the neo-noir conventions of the film are such that lighting is one of the most distinguishing features of its aesthetic. In this specific scene this noir lighting is highly evident. In these regards, the scene occurs at night and many of the on-looker’s faces are ensconced in darkness. Even when the film focuses in on Noah Cross he is wearing a hat and his faced remains dark ("It's chinatown," 2011). The obvious implications of this dark lighting are that they indicate an overarching cynical perspective on existence and a morally ambiguous environment. This is also reflected throughout the entire film, as even the supposedly good characters engage in some morally dubious behavior. Setting The setting of the particular scene occurs in an external setting on the street in Los Angeles’ Chinatown. The specific time period is the 1930s. This is significant to the film as it is a formative period in Lo s Angeles development as they were experiencing tremendous water shortages, which would be a motivating element of action in the film. In addition, the specific culture of Chinatown, as evidenced in the scene’s final line ‘It’s Chinatown’ demonstrates a culture of crime. Costuming As noted earlier, rather than implementing a fanciful characterization of 1930s costuming, the production design greatly focused on constructing accurate period clothing. In this specific scene the characters are contained in suits with hats. The similarity of the good character – J.J. Gittes – with the costume of the bad – Noah Cross – demonstrates that one of the film’s underlining themes is moral ambiguity. Still, Noah Cross wears a billed hat that shrouds his eyes in darkness, designating him as an evil force ("It's chinatown," 2011). Furthermore, Katherine is wearing a white dress, greatly contrasting her from the others, and heightening he r sense of innocence and purity ("It's chinatown," 2011). Hairstyle and Makeup In terms of hairstyle, all the characters are wearing hats so this is not a factor in the scene. Makeup, however, plays an important role in the film as J.J. Gittes (Jack Nicholson) is featured with a cut nose ("It's chinatown," 2011). While the cut is from earlier in the film, it is prominently witnessed in this scene

Southwest Airlines Essay Example for Free

Southwest Airlines Essay Southwest Airlines (SA) was founded in 1971 after a careful market analysis. Its founders believed in a low cost strategy. Through the Wright Amendment, which not only prohibited any air carrier from offering direct service into Love Field from any place beyond Texas and the four contiguous states of Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, and New Mexico, but also made more difficult the life of passengers coming from outside theses states and forbid the advertising to flights coming from Love Field, the competition made SA adopt a differentiation strategy. Which factors became crucial to the success of this company since its beginning? SA chose airports that were underutilized but were close to metropolitan areas. There was a main reason for the Aircraft choice, and its entire fleet of Boeing 737’s. It was a fuel-efficient fleet, and standardized, making the maintenance easier. Low cost fares, frequent and on-time flights, 15-minute gate turnarounds, high aircraft use and point-to-point routes gave them great advantage over their direct competitors (Continental Airlines, American or United Airlines). SA also chose to fly to secondary airports and not to have connections with other airline companies. With the increasing success of SA, its competitors started to try to replicate SA’s strategy. But the cost structure was not what gave SA the main competitive advantage in the market. The most important attribute was the human capital and the work environment where workers performed their tasks. SA’s Human Resources Department, called â€Å"The People Department†, had a huge impact on employees and on their way of working. â€Å"Employees are the Customer† of the Department. The following statement explains what the company’s philosophy was: â€Å"By recognizing that our people are the competitive advantage, we deliver resources and services to prepare our people to be winners, to support the growth and profitability of the company, while preserving the values and special culture of SA†. To provide work quality, employees had to be satisfied and happy with their jobs. Thus, the image and attitude that the crew showed to passengers would be welcomed. They would be more attentive to the passengers’ needs and consequently increasing their confidence to continue to choose SA as their preferred airline. Consequently, the corporation recorded a low number of complaints showing its notable performance. All employees were aware of their importance within the company to achieve the main objective, which was customer orientation/satisfaction. But they had other functions inside the company. Employees were also called for decision-making process, for the recruitment process, to give opinions about SA’s strategy. As such, not everyone entered SA’s workforce. After a long and complex process of selection and interviews, those chosen had the characteristics that would fit SA’s culture better. Once inside the company, they turned into company’s real assets, they became part of SA family. It was the main objective for each employee to make SA a successful company over time. Once SAs success was achieved rapidly, the major competitors implemented the same strategy, adapting it to their business environment. However, they noticed that they did not achieve the outlined goals. The most obvious explanation was the existence of cultural differences within each company. Their employees, the way they were organized and the vision that each one had was also different. Here SA had full advantage. It was not only the first move advantage in its strategy but also the fact that its employees found themselves working on and to their family. As I believe the main competitive advantage of SA relies on its unique organizational competence, I do not consider any of the above reasons a serious competitive threat for SA. However, SA should not rely on past successes and ignore its competitors. SA should always be looking back to its history and business lessons in order to remain an industry leader through supporting its culture and maintaining the focus on the people, even when and after Kelleher leaves the company.

Essay on Loss of Freedom in The Giver -- The Giver Essays

Loss of Freedom in The Giver  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Giver, a book written by Lois Lowry, questioned my ideas, thoughts and beliefs.   The novel describes an ideal society, in which everything is supposed to be perfect, with all life’s problems solved.   It is all about being happy with what the people have and not questioning their life styles because they did not know the difference between good and bad.   The people are denied of their preferable way of life without their knowledge of how the real world is supposed to be.   In the real world, I live each and everyday to learn and gain freedom as much as I can.   However, the citizens of this society are not able to control their life; for example their choice of clothing, choice of loving and having feelings, or choice of family members.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From all existing creatures, we humans differ because we are able to use our brain to make decisions.   In the novel, the people of the given society have authority figures that show them how to live their life.   â€Å"Katya, became a Nine and removed her hair ribbons and got her bicycle† (P. 14).   Therefore, this previous quote is referring to how the people are controlled.   They have no say in their own life style.   The rules start from small thing like what age one starts to ride a bike, which age group wears certain types of jackets, the clothing one wears each day, and even what to eat.   In the real world, we humans make similar decisions for our selves without thinking about it.   People need guidance in their life to the right way of living but not a book of instructions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of ... ...t quite get the word for the whole feeling of it, The Giver told him the feeling that was so strong in the room is love† (P.125). Family in the novel is described as a group of people that have a unit or bond that they share each day together.   In the real world, family is more than a unit; it is care and mostly love. In conclusion, life without experience or memory is meaningless.   When all freedom is taken away from an individual, that person will not strive to make a better tomorrow.   These people are missing the freedom to choose their future.   Starting from success, family and their individuality has been taken.   Furthermore, most people in reality need love and happiness to go on and survive.   While we try to fix our lives with all the scientific ways, we are forgetting the most important parts of nature.      

Teen Smoking :: essays research papers

Teen Smoking Due to peer pressure, propaganda and availability, teenage smoking has been on the rise since 1986. Three thousand children start using tobacco each day because of the negative influences aimed toward them. Our President and the American Medical Association have taken action and have urged tobacco companies to do the same against under age smoking. Despite all positive actions against it, "pack-a-day" smoking has risen thirty-three Percent in the past ten years among high school seniors. Throughout life children and adults are being persuaded to do or try something that goes against what they believe. Peer pressure is common place in grade school, where children are constantly being exposed to smoking. Cigarettes are being smoked everywhere authority is not, during school or any other place kids congregate. Kids smoke because they want to feel like they 'fit in' and they want to rebel at the same time. "U.S. News discussed the smoking issue with twenty teenagers from suburban Baltimore. Half were boys, half girls, and all were between the ages of fifteen and seventeen. Over more than four hours of conversation, it became clear that most teens smoked for two seemingly contradictory reasons: They want to be part of a peer group, while rejecting society and its norms. They want to reach out and rebel at the same time."(Roberts 38) Tobacco companies spend four billion dollars each year in advertising and promotional costs and claim there is no health risk. Six hundred thousand people die every year from smoking related illness, and others quit. Teenagers are not concerned about their health. The tobacco industry tries to appeal to the youth. The earlier kids get hooked, the more secure the companies' sales are. "For the tobacco industry, these youngsters are an essential source of new customers. While cigarette makers deny it, advertising and promotion of youthful smoking clearly helped attract the attention of teens. The rate of youthful smoking dropped steadily from 1976 until 1984, then leveled off--just as cigarette companies boosted promotional budgets."(Roberts 38) Availability of cigarettes for minors is easier than one might think. Children have access to tobacco products many ways. They could steal them from their parent or relative, and from a store. Their family might also give them cigarettes, and the child smokes them with their friends. Kids can purchase smokes from an unguarded vending machine or gas station with ease. If that does not work they can ask someone old enough to buy packs for them. Although, it is just as easy to walk into any store and ask for them. Convenience stores are constantly getting fined for the underage sale of tobacco. Teen Smoking :: essays research papers Teen Smoking Due to peer pressure, propaganda and availability, teenage smoking has been on the rise since 1986. Three thousand children start using tobacco each day because of the negative influences aimed toward them. Our President and the American Medical Association have taken action and have urged tobacco companies to do the same against under age smoking. Despite all positive actions against it, "pack-a-day" smoking has risen thirty-three Percent in the past ten years among high school seniors. Throughout life children and adults are being persuaded to do or try something that goes against what they believe. Peer pressure is common place in grade school, where children are constantly being exposed to smoking. Cigarettes are being smoked everywhere authority is not, during school or any other place kids congregate. Kids smoke because they want to feel like they 'fit in' and they want to rebel at the same time. "U.S. News discussed the smoking issue with twenty teenagers from suburban Baltimore. Half were boys, half girls, and all were between the ages of fifteen and seventeen. Over more than four hours of conversation, it became clear that most teens smoked for two seemingly contradictory reasons: They want to be part of a peer group, while rejecting society and its norms. They want to reach out and rebel at the same time."(Roberts 38) Tobacco companies spend four billion dollars each year in advertising and promotional costs and claim there is no health risk. Six hundred thousand people die every year from smoking related illness, and others quit. Teenagers are not concerned about their health. The tobacco industry tries to appeal to the youth. The earlier kids get hooked, the more secure the companies' sales are. "For the tobacco industry, these youngsters are an essential source of new customers. While cigarette makers deny it, advertising and promotion of youthful smoking clearly helped attract the attention of teens. The rate of youthful smoking dropped steadily from 1976 until 1984, then leveled off--just as cigarette companies boosted promotional budgets."(Roberts 38) Availability of cigarettes for minors is easier than one might think. Children have access to tobacco products many ways. They could steal them from their parent or relative, and from a store. Their family might also give them cigarettes, and the child smokes them with their friends. Kids can purchase smokes from an unguarded vending machine or gas station with ease. If that does not work they can ask someone old enough to buy packs for them. Although, it is just as easy to walk into any store and ask for them. Convenience stores are constantly getting fined for the underage sale of tobacco.

Importance Of Voting

Elections form the bedrock of the largest democracy in the world – India. Since Independence, as many as 15 Lok Sabhas have been formed through elections, the first one being held in 1951-52. The methodology of election is through universal adult suffrage, whereby every citizen of India over 18 years of age is an eligible voter in the eyes of the Constitution.The importance of elections in India—and for that matter, in any democracy—is as follows: Choice of leadership: Elections provide a way for the citizens of India to choose their leaders. They do so by casting their vote in favour of the candidate or party whose views appeal to them. This ensures that the will of the people is reflected in the elected candidates. Change of leadership: Elections in India are also a platform for the public to voice their resentment against a ruling party. By voting for other parties and helping elect a different government, citizens demonstrate that they possess ultimate author ity.Political participation: Elections open the door for new issues to be raised in public. If a citizen of India wishes to introduce reforms that are not the agenda of any of the parties, he or she is free to contest the elections either independently or by forming a new political party. Self-corrective system: Because elections are a regular exercise, occurring every five years in India, the ruling parties are kept in check and made to consider the demands of the public. This works as a self-corrective system whereby political parties review their performance and try to appease the voters. With a population of over 1.2 billion (according to the 2011 census) spread across 28 states and 7 union territories, India has a system of elections that is both daunting and praiseworthy.

Free Essays on The Assassination Of President John F. Kennedy

One of the turning points in American history was the assassination of President John F. Kennedy on Friday, November 22, 1963. This took place in Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. President Kennedy made this trip to Dallas for his 1964 reelection campaign. Kennedy intended to make a speech to the people of Dallas regarding his reelection, but never received an opportunity to do so. Shortly after the assassination, the new President Lyndon Johnson set up the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren. They were to investigate the mysteries of the event. In 1964, the Warren Commission released its report, 26 volumes long. They said that the man who was arrested, the day Kennedy was killed, for killing a Dallas police officer, was the lone assassin. This man, of course, is Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald himself was murdered on live television, with millions watching, by a Dallas night club owner, and suspected mo bster, Jack Ruby, whose real name was Jack Rubenstein. This happened two days following Kennedy’s assassination. Ruby died of cancer four years later in prison. Starting in 1966, New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison started his own investigation of the assassination, which led to a very short-lived trial of an international businessman, Clay Shaw, from New Orleans. Garrison believed him to be part of the conspiracy to kill the President. Lee Harvey Oswald did not kill President Kennedy. There was another shooter, or shooters, most likely behind the picket fence above the grassy knoll. Therefore, there had to be a conspiracy. This negates the conclusion of the Warren Commission. The following pages will analyze the most important and obvious pieces of evidence supporting the theory of a shooter, other than Lee Harvey Oswald, killing the President from the front and right of the President’s position. Physical evidence, including medical evidence... Free Essays on The Assassination Of President John F. Kennedy Free Essays on The Assassination Of President John F. Kennedy One of the turning points in American history was the assassination of President John F. Kennedy on Friday, November 22, 1963. This took place in Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. President Kennedy made this trip to Dallas for his 1964 reelection campaign. Kennedy intended to make a speech to the people of Dallas regarding his reelection, but never received an opportunity to do so. Shortly after the assassination, the new President Lyndon Johnson set up the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren. They were to investigate the mysteries of the event. In 1964, the Warren Commission released its report, 26 volumes long. They said that the man who was arrested, the day Kennedy was killed, for killing a Dallas police officer, was the lone assassin. This man, of course, is Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald himself was murdered on live television, with millions watching, by a Dallas night club owner, and suspected mo bster, Jack Ruby, whose real name was Jack Rubenstein. This happened two days following Kennedy’s assassination. Ruby died of cancer four years later in prison. Starting in 1966, New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison started his own investigation of the assassination, which led to a very short-lived trial of an international businessman, Clay Shaw, from New Orleans. Garrison believed him to be part of the conspiracy to kill the President. Lee Harvey Oswald did not kill President Kennedy. There was another shooter, or shooters, most likely behind the picket fence above the grassy knoll. Therefore, there had to be a conspiracy. This negates the conclusion of the Warren Commission. The following pages will analyze the most important and obvious pieces of evidence supporting the theory of a shooter, other than Lee Harvey Oswald, killing the President from the front and right of the President’s position. Physical evidence, including medical evidence...

How implementing a Quality Management System can enhance customer service Essays

How implementing a Quality Management System can enhance customer service Essays How implementing a Quality Management System can enhance customer service Essay How implementing a Quality Management System can enhance customer service Essay A research on how implementing a Quality Management System can heighten the quality of client service in eating houses on Curacao 1. Introduction 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Quality is one of the 20th century s most of import direction thoughts ( Feigenbaum, 1999 ) Quality is the same as capacity, but is frequently used to bespeak whether something or person is functioning its intent. Some other definitions of quality: Conformity to demands ( comply with specifications ) of the writer Phil Crosby. ISO 8402 is quality: The entirety of characteristics and features of a merchandise or service that is of import for run intoing established or obvious demands. All these definitions contain an component of truth, but each has its restrictions in usage. A definition of quality that has proved utile in many instances ( but finally same as the above ) is: Meet client outlooks Harmonizing to Swiss Tourism Board, from a invitee s point of position, touristry service is a whole bundle of single services. Like a concatenation, these services are all linked: progress information from a Tourist Centre, the journey to the finish, stay in holiday hotel, eating in a eating house, and in conclusion the trip place. Each single service leaves its grade on and influences the vacation experience. It is the same at single eating house ; a invitee experiences some of these Service: welcome, seating, supplying information, taking order, eating in the eating house, paying and go forthing. These service ironss harmonizing to Parsa, H.G. , Kwansa, F. , ( 2002 ) are specific to clients supply an assistance for systematic checking of a eating house s services and procedures, demoing where practical quality betterments can be made and advancing the debut of appropriate steps. Supplying services and direct contact with clients are demanding undertakings because each client has his specific outlooks, demands and sentiments. Harmonizing to Brink, A, Berndt, A, ( 2009 ) there is a nexus between relationships, quality service and client trueness. On Curacao we have CRS. The Curacao Restaurant Association s ( CRA ) ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.curacaorestaurants.org/cra/index.php ) . Their mission is to stand for, promote and educate their members and their employees for the betterment of the eating house and foodservice industry of Curacao, a quickly turning industry that is going the state s 2nd largest employer. We leverage those Numberss to acquire the best pricing and price reductions for our members. Helping members win and stay profitable is on the head of the Curacao Restaurant Association s docket. A As they strive to work together with the governmental sections on wellness, safety, service and instruction, members of their association acquire reviews and a squad consisting of these sections, together with members of the board ; will on a regular footing, do an appraisal of their members so they will stay recognized as a member. This will vouch client visit to these eating houses. An analysis of the state of affairs will be done. An overview and definition of Quality Management System will be given, besides why quality is of import and what are the features of the system. This survey stress on how holding a Quality Management System ( QMS ) can help eating houses to heighten their services. This involves making a QMS for local eating houses based on criterions and standards that respond to clients demands, derived from the ISO 9001 criterions and INK theoretical account. This implies that direction will travel thru developing to larn how to work with the system, how to implement and how to measure the system. Management should so be the 1s giving preparation and advice on how to handle clients. Employees will besides travel thru preparations and processs that a eating house should follow with, in order to be considered a quality eating house. Implementing a QMS is expensive. You will hold to put in your employees. On the other manus by implementing a QMS can salvage you money, you have less cost and you can be more productive and efficient. This can do non merely eating houses, but besides the Island addition a competitory advantage on others and acquire economic return. The purpose is to do eating houses cognizant of this and so assist them better their service, satisfy demands, be more productive and have more motivated employees. Curacao Restaurants Association ( CRA ) can be the institute who controls that the eating houses comply with standards s and criterions. Furthermore the demands of the clients, employees and employer will be address. To see what will be required to fulfill their demand and integrate this in the system and what each client s specific outlooks, demands and sentiments are. One can non simply inspect quality into a merchandise ; it has to be built in. The plan helps make a better work environment ( a quality merchandise can non be made in a non-quality environment ) , ensuing in more positive attitudes in the employees, Chao ( 2007 ) . Schemes and demands will be presented. The plan may include among other subject: The concern civilization QMS in item Employees motive Merchandise Customer Service Curacao Hospitality Training Foundation will be approached to see if some of the preparation needed can by integrated in their plan. 1.1.2 INTENDED USE OF RESEARCH RESULTS The consequences of this survey will take the signifier of a study presented to eating houses. They can profit from the nonsubjective presentation of the findings of this survey to a possible execution of a Restaurant Quality System to heighten their service. Practical tools will be developed to assist eating houses directors to undertake quality direction and taking targeted action to optimise service. The QMS will detailed the service ironss and supply an assistance for systematic checking of a eating house s services and procedures, demoing where practical quality betterments can be made and advancing the debut of appropriate steps. Advice and decision will be given. 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT In which manner can a Quality Management System ( QMS ) enhance client service in eating houses? 1.3 SUB PROBLEM STATEMENTS To reply the job statement, the following sub-questions will be addressed during this survey: 1 ) How can QMS be defined? 2 ) What are the advantages and disadvantages of QMS? 3 ) What are the facets for the development procedure of a quality direction system for eating houses? 4 ) Will the demands of clients, employer and employees be satisfy? 5 ) How should QMS and the eating house quality direction system be implemented? 1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY We chose qualitative research for this survey, because non all the sample population can be examined. The choice of the survey population will be based on the three territory of the Island. The Curacao Restaurants Association ( CRA ) has a sum of 15 members. They have at least two members in each territory, so we will near two members of CRA and two non-members for this research. This research is based on ailments and statements expressed by consumers on service received and my avidity to give an input to heighten this issue. There are assorted publications on Quality Management System and client service, but no local information of a quality system for the service provided at eating house. Therefore an extended literature reappraisal will be carried out, in hunt of secondary informations. The two most obvious techniques that will be used in this quality research will be interview and study. Data will be collected through in Interviews from both supervisor and employees of eating houses . These people are closely involved with their work ; they fundamentally can lend with nonsubjective informations. The information aggregation takes topographic point through semi-structured questionnaires ( written studies ) . While there are different methods of mensurating client perceptual experience, the most effectual 1 is to inquire the client straight. However, it may still be hard to garner important informations on client satisfaction because the assortment of clients sentiment and services provided does non do it easy. The interview is in individual, but the questionnaire can be completed and submitted from a distance. The consequences from all the qualitative observation will be carefully compared with the findings in the theory. On this footing, the job statement and bomber jobs and the research aims are achieved. 1.4.1 SUB PROBLEMS Sub job 1. How can QMS be defined? and 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of QMS? will be dealt with theoretically. For these sub jobs readings, website like hypertext transfer protocol: //www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm, research paper and articles refering ISO 9001, Instituut Nederlandse Kwaliteit ( INK ) and QMS will be applied. Literature that will be used: Crosby, P.B, ( 1984 ) Quality without cryings: The art of hassle-free direction, McGraw-Hill, Inc Hoyle, D, ( 2006 ) , ISO 9000 quality systems enchiridion, Butterworth-Heinemann www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm www.dti.gov.uk/quality/qms Sub job 3. What are the facets for the development procedure of a choice enfranchisement plan for eating houses? a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats ( SWOT ) analysis will be conducted. The SWOT analysis examines the internal and external environment of eating houses giving a position on how and what need to be done to implement a QMS for eating houses. Besides at least six eating houses will be observed and justice on the service they are giving. Curacao Quality Foundation ( CQF ) and the president Mr. Marugg or Mr. Neuman, the Event Coordinator of Curacao Restaurants Association ( CRA ) will be attack for information. Some of the inquiries that will be asked are: What is the support CRA offers their members? How those CRA control the quality service their members offer? How does CRA acquire its members? Why the rank is so low compared to the figure of constitution on the Island? The readings that will be used are: Hair, J.F, ( 2003 ) , Essentials of Business Research Methods, Leyh Publishing, LLC Brink, A, Berndt, A, ( 2009 ) , Relationship Marketing and Customer Relationship Management, Juta A ; Co LTD Honebein, P.C. , Cammarano, R.F. , ( 2005 ) , Making do-it-yourself clients: how great client experiences build great companies, South-Western Educational Pub Schieffer, R. , ( 2005 ) , Ten Key Customer Penetrations: Unlocking the Mind of the Market, South-Western Educational Pub www.cbs.an/establishments/establishments_i4.asp Sub job 4. Will the demands of clients, employer and employees be satisfy? To reply this inquiry face to confront study will be conducted and we will besides direct it via electronic mail among consumers, sing what they think about: Quality of the Food Menu choices Menu pricing and value Waiting times Promptness of service Professionalism and friendliness of waiter ( s ) Server s cognition of bill of fare Overall eating house experience Gross saless directors and supervisors of eating houses will be attack for an interview on how to measure their service and environment, Stone, M. , Woodcock, N. , ( p. 71, 2000, ) . Some of the inquiries that will inquire are: What are the company s strengths and failings compared to its competition? Are you happy with the service you are supplying Make you care about reaction of remarks of your clients? Are you happy with your employees? If non what are you making to better it? Is the eating house program to come with new services? Make you necessitate any tools or information to give a better service? Employees of eating houses will be interviewed to see what their demands are. We will inquire them on: What do you believe of the service the company gives to the clients? Is Customer satisfaction a precedence? How is the response when there is complain? What sentiment do you think clients have of this constitution? Does this constitution have an easy to read bill of fare or service merchandises that comply with the demand of the consumer? Make you necessitate any tools or information to give a better service? Books on among others on client service, motive and quality service will be used. Like: Jagdish N. Shainesh, S. , ( 2001 ) Customer relationship direction: emerging constructs, tools, and applications, McGraw-Hill Professional Jones, P. , Merricks, P. , ( 1994 ) , The direction of foodservice operations, Cengage Learning Business Press Parsa, H.G. , Kwansa, F. , ( 2002 ) , Quick Service Restaurants, Franchising, and Multi-Unit Chain Management, Routledge Shankar, R. , ( 2009 ) , Process betterment utilizing Six Sigma: a DMAIC usher, ASQ Quality Pres Sub job 5. How should QMS and the eating house quality direction system be implemented? In order to reply this bomber job, books on standardisation and quality direction systems, employee preparation manuals will be used. Suggestions and guidelines for developing for Management and employees will be address. Design of the quality direction system will be presented. Reading used is: Beecroft, D.G. , Duffy, G.L. , Moran, J.W. , ( 2001 ) , The Executive Guide to Improvement and Change, ASQ Quality Press Jackson, S. E. , Schuler, R. Werner, S. , ( 2008 ) , Pull offing Human Resources, South Western, a portion of Cengage Learning Lohman, C. , et Al. ( 2004 ) Planing a public presentation measuring system: A instance survey. European Journal of Operational Research, Martinich, J.S. , ( 2009 ) , Production and Operations Management: An Applied Modern Approach, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. Maskell, B. H. ( 1991 ) Performance measuring for universe category fabrication: a theoretical account for American companies, Cambridge, Mass. , Productivity Press. 1.5 DELIMITATIONS The survey will be conducted among consumers, eating houses from all sectors, eating houses managers/supervisors, eating houses employees and several constitutions on the Island of Curacao. THESIS OUTLINE 1. Introduction Background Information Problem Statement and Sub Problems Research Methodology Contented Thesis 2. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ( QMS ) Introduction Elementss of QMS Introduction to quality and service Importance of quality Features of QMS Decision Determining THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Introduction Research aim Research attack Specifying and mensurating service satisfaction Research Consequences Procedure of development of the Quality Management System Decision RESTAURANTS QUALITY SYSTEM Introduction Aspect of the Quality system Cardinal Indexs of the Quality system Process development of the Quality direction system Restaurant Quality System Implementation, Control and Evaluation Decision CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Contrast of Romes Gladiatorial Games Agressive Sports of Today essays

Contrast of Romes Gladiatorial Games Agressive Sports of Today essays The Contrast of Rome's Gladiatorial Games In every society, some form of entertainment is present. From board games to athletic events to theatrical spectacles, people throughout time have sought ways to occupy their leisure time. In all of the ancient societies I have studied, none has enjoyed a form of entertainment as brutal as the gladiatorial games of ancient Rome. Gladiatorial games consisted of men fighting with spears and swords against each other until one of them killed the other. Games would be held all day with the main feature being the contests where trained fighters would fight to their deaths. Trained in gladiatorial schools, slaves and criminals made up most of the gladiators. Sometimes even free men lured by the possibility of rewards would volunteer for these games. Gladiators fought even when they were wounded, with spears sticking into their legs, while still holding up their shields trying to escape death. At other "Games," men would measure their strength against wild animals. The animals were driven into the coliseum through a tall doorway at one end, and the fighters came in from all around the floor. Criminals of all ages and sexes were sent into the arena without weapons to confront animals who would tear them apart, assuring their ultimate death. Sharp swords and daggers would then be brought in. So serious were these fights that the weapons would be presented to the Emperor to test their sharpness. With each and every type of game, the crowds would be merciless, crying for more gladiators and bloodshed. When the day's events would be just about over, barred doors were opened and hundreds of worn out and half naked Jews of all ages would be driven into the center of the arena. The crowds would then scream for more barred doors to be lifted so that starved, man-eating lions and tigers could be released to attack the unarmed prey. After all the events o ...

Integrating Quality, Environmental and Health & Safety Management Essay

Integrating Quality, Environmental and Health & Safety Management Practices in Abu Dhabi Police Department - Essay Example ich are normally observed through the provision of greater conformity within an organization, its effectiveness, and the overall efforts of developing separate systems of management. The management systems are usually treated as autonomous functions within organizations/ institutions. However, most of the professionals tend to think that it is possible to bring together and harmonise the three management systems: OHSAS 18001 OHSMS, ISO 14001 EMS and ISO 9001 QMS. This paper will therefore focus on the various management practices in the police department of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. In addition, a clear strategy for the implementation of an integrated system in the organization will be developed and outlined in the paper. Abu Dhabi police (ADP) located in Abu Dhabi Emirate, works together with other agencies in order to reduce crime rates and achieve a safer society. It focuses on preserving the stability, eliminating a sense of fear and achievement of justice among the general public . The vision of Abu Dhabi Police is to become the police force that is more effective in the policing field which promptly responds to the needs of the society with a high level of training and integrity (Trent 1998, pp.32). In order to achieve the stated vision, the directorate is usually guided by a number of values which include: respect for human rights, honesty and integrity. Trent (1998), states that ADP was founded by the first president of the Abu Dhabi state, the late H.H. Shaikh Shakhbut Bin Sultan Al Nahayan in January 1957. His main aim behind the establishment was to create a strong dependent government which freely and fairly provided security and peace to the country. Abu Dhabi police department reports to the ministry of interior. It consists of sectors which are divided into departments. Each department has specific duties and responsibilities. However, over the past years, the organization structure of Abu Dhabi police has been

How the eye is suited for the purpose of converting visible light into Essay - 1

How the eye is suited for the purpose of converting visible light into neural activity and how visual information is then conveyed to the visual cortex - Essay Example The paper will also highlight some of the challenges the eye faces while it performs its functions. The eye’s first adaptation to its interaction with light is referred to as the papillary light reflex. When responding to different levels of light, the rods and cons work independently but back up each other. This modus operandi espouses the eye’s adaptation to dark light.. While the rods are sensitive to light, they have the tendency to take a significant amount of time to adapt to darkness, in this case the rhodopsin, situated in the photoreceptors take full charge through photo bleaching. On the other hand, the regulation of the eye’s sensitivity eye’ s to light is espoused by the changes in the intracellular calcium ions. In order to adapt to light, the eye first adapts to the background so that it is capable of detecting and distinguishing the background objects; the entire process of adaption to light takes a period of approximately five minutes Whenever light is reflected on a surface or remitted from an object, the eye detects the light that first encounters the cornea; from here, it is then focussed to the lens. The lens in turn functions to vary the focus depending on the distance that exists between the eye and the object. The focal adjustment of the light by the lens is called accommodation. The lens alters its shape depending on the distance of the object; for objects that are distant, it elongates, flattens and pulls out whereas for objects that are close by, it only needs to assume its natural round shape for clear vision. The light first passes through the space between the cornea and the lens that is filled with fluid called aqueous humour. It consequently goes through the t pupil ‘s circular aperture that is surrounded by the iris diaphragm muscles prior to going through the lens (Jones, et al 2004). However, the quantity of light that passes through the pupil is determined by the pupil’s diameter a nd still goes ahead to be

A Person Who Has Made Some Contribution to Mathematics Essay

A Person Who Has Made Some Contribution to Mathematics - Essay Example Moreover, a large number of the discoveries made by these prominent mathematicians have a basis in the medicine, technologies, and science that are currently common place (Hazewinkel 8). All in all, there are some recognized individuals who have made significant contributions to mathematics and their names cannot be disregarded. One of these significant people is Pythagoras. This paper will look at Pythagoras as an individual who has made a significant contribution to the field of mathematics. Pythagoras made leading contributions to religious and philosophical teachings in the final period of the 6th century BC. Pythagoras is frequently venerated as a great mystic, mathematician, and scientist. Also, he is largely associated with the Pythagorean Theorem which was named after him. Nevertheless, because obfuscation and legend obscure his work even more than that of the other philosophers who existed during the pre-Socratic period, individuals are only compelled to only provide specula tive accounts of his instructions, and a number of people have questioned if made much contribution to natural philosophy and mathematics. It may be argued that a large composition of the achievements credited to Pythagoras may in reality have been achievements of his successors and colleagues. In addition, whether or not his followers believed that everything was connected to mathematics and that numbers were the definitive reality is not known. It has also been asserted that Pythagoras was the first person to refer to himself as a philosopher. A philosopher refers to an individual who loves wisdom. It has also been argued that his notions employed a marked inspiration on Plato, and through him, the entire philosophy in the West. Additionally, Pythagoras was very properly educated (Malone 22). He was also inspired by several philosophers while he was a child. The most significant philosophers who inspired him include Thales and Pherekydes. Thales was the one who introduced him to m athematical concepts. Pythagoras became interested in cosmology, astronomy, and math because of Thales. Pythagoras was fascinated by all concepts of mathematics. Pythagoras was captivated by numbers and the concept of numbers. He developed a theory which asserted that every relation would be decreased to some form of number. In addition, he developed a theory on scales and ratios being created with the reverberation of vibrating strings. His ideas made a tremendous contribution to the music theory. Moreover, Pythagoras researched numerous different forms of numbers, for example, perfect squares, odd numbers, and triangles. He supposed that every number was unique and different and contained its own individual characteristic. For instance, it may be argued that ten is the most suitable number because it has four successive integers, that is, 1+2+3+4=10. However, the most tremendous contribution made by Pythagoras to the field of mathematics in the current period is Pythagoras theorem . Pythagoras has always been given credit for developing the Pythagoras theorem since the 4th century AD. The Pythagoras theorem is a theorem in geometry which explains that in all right-angled triangles the area of the square on the side opposite the right angle is equivalent to the aggregate of the squares of the other two sides. While the Pythagoras theorem was previously known and employed by the Indians and Babylonians, he or his apprentices, are frequently said to have developed the foremost evidence (Hermann 76). Nonetheless, it should be emphasized that the manner in which the Indians and Babylonians dealt with Pythagorean numbers indicates that they were aware that the idea was, in general, valid, and

Online Retailing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Retailing - Case Study Example Dell Inc makes direct sales or direct marketing in the market place so as to keep up with the pace of the competitors. By these means, Dell ha managed to follow up the changes in the customer preferences and the change in technology and as a result, the company has managed also to build a long term customer firm relationship hence increasing customer confidence and satisfaction, consumer loyalty and client profitability in a price valuable way, Dell (1999). The success of Dell Corporation is based on successful research in market segmentation, positioning and other aspects of business success. Successful segmentation has placed Dell Inc at an advantaged position with the opportunity to make moves towards every client in each segment and to enhance customer relationship. Market segmentation is the foundation of Dell marketing operations, and through these segmentations, the Dell Corporation establishes its positioning and changes its offers for every segment's client. Segmentation is significant constituent of virtual integration with clients, and the finer the segmentation the better it is for the company to predict the client needs and timing, Dell (1999). Coordination between suppliers and other aspects is enhanced by coordination of flow of strategic This is the client relationship manageme... in view of the fact that what the company does is an ideal example of direct marketing (Huff et al 2000). Through extensive research, Dell Inc was able to prepare this project. Through these connections, the market share has greatly increased and the major contributors to thus success are; Customer Relationship Management and Direct Marketing (online retailing). Relationship Marketing The operations of Dell are based op three important aspects of marketing and segmentation. This enables the execution of a relationship marketing strategy. They are; Small enterprises and Home customers, Larger corporate clients (Relationship Customers) and the public sector. It has been the tradition of Dell using the terminology 'relationship marketing' to define its segmentations (Huff et al 2000). For this reason, each segment is treated differently and customized to the specificity of their needs. Marketing Communication Dell Inc uses two main communication modes in its marketing strategy that is; the internet and calls. During operations, sales and telephone services are allocated to the representatives of the departments to individual relationship customers, while every sales representative is committed to on one client, Dell Computer Corporation Annual Report (2002). On record, employees worked extra hard to maintain Boeing's 140 000 personal computers. Their websites are customized to ensure faster and reliable communication between the company and customers in terms of placement of orders, and are on line 24 hour a day. The Information Technology department has improved other functions like support, accounting and planning module to assist clients. Conclusion Immediately after Dell adopted

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Management - Assignment Example The company has strategic options like developing strategic alliances with local retailers, offering cost leadership and competitive pricing. Table of Contents Strategic management of TESCO supermarket 14 1 Strategic management of TESCO supermarket 1 Executive summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Business environment 5 PEST framework 5 Political factors 5 Economical factors 6 Social factors 6 Technological factors 7 Porter’s five forces 7 Threat of new entrant 7 Bargaining power of suppliers 8 Bargaining power of consumers 8 Threat of substitutes 9 Bargaining power of competitors 9 Internal analysis 9 Swot analysis 11 Challenges facing the organization 12 Strategic options 12 References 14 Introduction Food retail sector in the United Kingdom employs over 3 million people. This makes it the largest industry in the economy. However, a growing number of supermarkets are coming under intense pressure because of unprofessional treatment meted on stakeholders in the supply chain. Tesco and other supermarkets are committed to strategic development networks that lead to increased productivity. This report gives a strategic management analysis of Tesco supermarket. ... United Kingdom is Tesco’s largest market. In this market Tesco operates under Metro, Express, Extra and Superstore banners. The retailer has diversified to non-food lines e.g. clothing. Tesco delivers close to 40,000 food products. The companies label products operate at three levels. Most of the stores contain gas stations. Therefore, it has grown to become of the leading petrol retailers in Britain. Tesco personal finance is a retailing service offered by the supermarket is a bid to expand its market share. Business environment The business environment on a retailer plays a central role in its profitability. Companies are under intense pressure to acknowledge their responsibility to the society. The introduction of taxes that target the increased advertising of fatty food is bound to affect the performance of the supermarket (Stone 2009). The relationship between consumers and supplies has also been affected because of the ‘fat tax’. The presence of powerful com petitors has led to intense price wars. In some instances, the foreign market environment is hostile and governments try to protect the local industries from foreign competition. Government policies that promote monopoly controls have been blamed for limited access to some markets and segments. Such policies have the capacity to reduce the buying power of consumers. Differentiation is increasingly becoming difficult because of unhealthy competition and government interference. Tesco has developed a policy in which it reduces the prices for fuel based on the amount of sales at its groceries. The retailer compensates by raising prices in other stores. PEST framework Political factors Besides the United Kingdom, Tesco operates in six countries in Europe. The legislative and

Online Retailing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Retailing - Case Study Example Dell Inc makes direct sales or direct marketing in the market place so as to keep up with the pace of the competitors. By these means, Dell ha managed to follow up the changes in the customer preferences and the change in technology and as a result, the company has managed also to build a long term customer firm relationship hence increasing customer confidence and satisfaction, consumer loyalty and client profitability in a price valuable way, Dell (1999). The success of Dell Corporation is based on successful research in market segmentation, positioning and other aspects of business success. Successful segmentation has placed Dell Inc at an advantaged position with the opportunity to make moves towards every client in each segment and to enhance customer relationship. Market segmentation is the foundation of Dell marketing operations, and through these segmentations, the Dell Corporation establishes its positioning and changes its offers for every segment's client. Segmentation is significant constituent of virtual integration with clients, and the finer the segmentation the better it is for the company to predict the client needs and timing, Dell (1999). Coordination between suppliers and other aspects is enhanced by coordination of flow of strategic This is the client relationship manageme... in view of the fact that what the company does is an ideal example of direct marketing (Huff et al 2000). Through extensive research, Dell Inc was able to prepare this project. Through these connections, the market share has greatly increased and the major contributors to thus success are; Customer Relationship Management and Direct Marketing (online retailing). Relationship Marketing The operations of Dell are based op three important aspects of marketing and segmentation. This enables the execution of a relationship marketing strategy. They are; Small enterprises and Home customers, Larger corporate clients (Relationship Customers) and the public sector. It has been the tradition of Dell using the terminology 'relationship marketing' to define its segmentations (Huff et al 2000). For this reason, each segment is treated differently and customized to the specificity of their needs. Marketing Communication Dell Inc uses two main communication modes in its marketing strategy that is; the internet and calls. During operations, sales and telephone services are allocated to the representatives of the departments to individual relationship customers, while every sales representative is committed to on one client, Dell Computer Corporation Annual Report (2002). On record, employees worked extra hard to maintain Boeing's 140 000 personal computers. Their websites are customized to ensure faster and reliable communication between the company and customers in terms of placement of orders, and are on line 24 hour a day. The Information Technology department has improved other functions like support, accounting and planning module to assist clients. Conclusion Immediately after Dell adopted

Strategies for Motivating Resistant Elementary School Students in Research Paper

Strategies for Motivating Resistant Elementary School Students in Urban Communities - Research Paper Example The intention of this study is education as one of the most imperative and essential components at all times for every individual in order to become successful and flourish or prosper in his or her life. Therefore, the value and significance of field of education cannot come under ignorance by any person in the world. Moreover, it has come to an observation that in the twenty first century of modern world, the essence, and prominence of education has intensified and augmented to paramount heights. Although, every culture represents the value and role of knowledge, yet a good quality primary or elementary education is vital and indispensable in every culture. Since the world is in a phase of experiencing novel and innovative advancements and developments in the contemporary world, this has brought constructive modifications and improvements in the education and learning practice and curriculums for the students. Moreover, the teaching methods and techniques are also changing and has b ecome an ongoing process on a continual basis that is leaving an ineradicable impression on to the performances of the students and their progress. Education is moreover a process where the students obtain and escalate their knowledge, understanding and wisdom that comes under enlightenment, explication, and elucidation for their areas of interests. These areas of interests of the students then become their fields of expertise and proficiency with the advance level of education. However, it has come under strong examination that numerous students do not even get the opportunity to acquire the primary or elementary education due to several reasons out of which the poor financial conditions lies on the first position. This observation has come under vision and analysis especially in the underdeveloped nations. While on the other hand, it has also come under sight that the developed nations due to their strong economical conditions are able to provide the students with quality educatio n that not only suspends

China Country Identification Essay Example for Free

China Country Identification Essay The company has brought to our attention that it desires to expand into the Eastern Asian market where it is believed that the opportunity will be best and certainly more than double its profits by this venture. The Country of choice will be China; location is the city of Macau, which is an established trading center in Southeast Asia. B. Major Cross-Cultural Issues and Impacts: There are some marketing aspects to consider. Our approach must be culture sensitive to be successful. Insulting anyone in our business relations for work in China could end the deal or cause unnecessary delays. It is vital for all personnel involved in this venture to train with care in the marketing and cultural behaviors of the Chinese. Culture is a major issue and the company must be meticulous with training in order to be accepted. The Asian cultures are very careful about not losing face and this is critical. Keeping face goes back to Confucianism, which focuses on ones duty and loyalty, honor, sincerity, and keeping harmony with all those related to them through family, business, and social ties. This is strictly followed with respect for age first in any of these relationships. One must never lose face with any of these ties for to lose face is to lose honor. The concept of face translates as honor, good reputation, and respect. There are four types of face. Face behavior is power-oriented behavior with the purpose of maintaining stability or control of one’s self. Diumianzi originates from the word mian and directly relates to one’s reputation or place in society. It is actions or deeds, which others have observed, and it is earned. Geimianzi is response to or giving of face to another through showing respect to the other person. Liumianzi is developed by avoiding mistakes and showing wisdom in making decisions. Jiangmianzi, when face is increased through others by another complementing one to a business partner or associate. Saving face or reputation is very strong in the Chinese culture. People are generally reserved, quiet, and refined. No boisterous or loud behavior is acceptable and considered in poor taste. Another way to explain this is quiet dignity, always keeping control of one’s emotions. The personnel who are involved in this business venture will need to beware of the quiet reserved behaviors of the Chinese and adopt such behavior in respect and get to know well each Chinese in the business relationship. It is important to save face at all times and avoid blunders or mistakes of our  Western culture, and never criticize the Chinese or any others involved in the business or personal relationship in Macau, China. This includes any associates whether foreign or domestic (China 2010). When greeting in China, the eldest is always greeted first and though a handshake is most common among Chinese with foreigners, sometimes with the elderly or government officials a slight bow will be given. During the greeting exchange, it is the practice by the Chinese to look at the ground when shaking hands or bowing along while addressing the individual with their honorific title and surname (China 2010). Visiting and eating also have special rules. A guest always waits for the host to give direction for seating. Formal dinners have different rules on seating arrangements. The conversation at meals is light, no business, or personal talk. The host will always serve an abundance of food. The host will usually escort a guest outside their home a distance even down a street and the guest should politely resist with the special ritual of hospitality. It is customary to bring a wrapped gift presented with two hands when invited to the home of a Chinese. In China, they do not open a gift in front of the giver; this is to avoid embarrassment for gifts that are not needed. Both the giver and receiver will always use both hands for the gift. Another very important gesture is to refuse the gift three times before accepting it; this shows that one is not greedy. Once the gift is accepted, it is important to express thanks to them for accepting the gift. If giving money gifts around New Years for personal friendship, the bills must be even bills and there should be an even number of bills, and given in a red envelope. Do not use white, black, blue, or the number 4 for anything because it is associated with death and funerals. This would be very embarrassing. Unacceptable gifts include clocks which symbolize time is running out, a handkerchief suggests a farewell greeting, shoes, especially straw sandals, suggest sad memories, and do not give ink pens with red ink which signifies death. Sharp objects like knives and scissors are not appropriate as it represents severing of relationships (Roberts 1998). Dress is important, no bright colors or blue jeans are to be worn, and all colors should be neutral with business meetings or dinners. Women must wear modest heals, nothing sleeveless or sheer, modest necklines, even the jewelry should be modest and not flashy. Relationship is everything; to hurry would be a waste. The  impact of our approach on Chinese business with regard to cultural differences is everything, the dress, the greeting, visiting, dinners, and showing of respect to all parties involved both Chinese, and U.S. will affect the stability of the relationship (King 1999). If the relationship is not sealed in the beginning with saving face or respect and trust with the Chinese, then the business deal may never take place or may be a very weak deal. The Chinese find friendship and trust to be far too important to rush through a business deal. Respect or face must be earned over time and never lost. C. Cross-Cultural Communication: Macau, China has a very strong economy with a GDP of 21.8 percent growth currently, is not expecting a recession anytime soon and has a steady growth rate of double digits up to 21 or more percent per year (Economy 2011). The humid weather and subtropical climate will be a great help in the special heat hardening process, which is necessary to extend the life of the engine components. It is important for us to pay close attention to detail and avoid using black, gold, yellow, red, or white on the engine components for any identification of parts used. Our company will need to use colors that are low key, perhaps silver, grey, brown, tan, or green, for any differentiation used to identify parts. Red is overused and is considered a New Year’s awareness. The black as mentioned earlier represents death and is not a good omen. Do not use black or red print on any of the parts or packaging, this represents evil and death and does not work in the Chinese market. When promoting the product for selling, again, color is of utmost importance and it is important to be creative. No black borders and no black print can be used, it is considered to be a bad omen or evil. The same is true with red print, it is considered to be related to death of the person reading the red ink. White wrap signifies death of the person receiving the gift and is not a happy color. Yellow used in marketing generally relates to pornography, so it must not be used or it will damage the face of the new company and possibly be an embarrassment or cause it to fail. The colors purple for power and nobility, blue green, and some other colors can be used with marketing to promote our engine components, but red, yellow, gold, black, and white are best avoided entirely for marketing purposes (Gao 2011). The advertising name should involve only two perhaps  three syllables with the last syllable having inflection upwards with intonation of voice. The Chinese consider this necessary for a favorable impression and for recognition of a product or service. Chinese words are often very direct and it would be best to use such words to gain trust and immediate understanding, and to portray quality and enjoyment of the vehicle because of using Company A’s engine components. Another aspect to show purity and trust is a picture of a mountain in relation to televised advertising or media advertising on the internet, and in our promotional brochure (Lehman 1992). Manufacturing companies like Sinotruck Group, Qingdao Seize The Future Automobile Co. Ltd., and Special Truck Company China National Heavy Duty Truck Co., to name a few major manufactures for heavy-duty trucks, to market the engine components produced by Company A would be our target audience for this market (Brighter 2011). China is expecting an increase in unit freight mileage leading to long distance transportation implying a demand for high-end trucks in the next few years. China is an excellent market for our truck engine components and this is good timing with China’s economic growth and increased investment in the trucking industry (Intelligence 2011). Currently, in China, the demand for trucks ranked first and automobiles ranked second (Intelligence 2011). Pricing of the engine components is based on production and the shipping costs for China. Choosing to build a manufacturing plant in Macau, China would prove to be financially prudent and help to keep prices in line with other competing engine makers in the truck industry for China. To protect competition in China, the prices would need to be equal in revenue as that of other countries in which these engine components are sold. To distribute these engine components in China it is necessary to have distribution partners for acceptance in the different market areas. Company A will have to build a network of distributers among locals where face-to-face relationships can grow. It will be prudent to train local mechanics for problems with the engine components that may occur after the sale. It is important to have connections with individuals in all areas of the business for trust and friendliness to the Chinese country. They see life as a group connection in all associations. D. Cross-Cultural Ethical Differences: Introducing ourselves into the Chinese market is crucial and must be done through an intermediary, someone who will give face favorably about Company A’s reputation. Chinese do not like to do business with strangers. The meetings need to be requested in writing preferably one or two months in advance by someone that they know and trust who connects for Company A. Plan to arrive a bit early, do not be late as the Chinese perceive this as an insult and it could cause negative problems for the business relationship. Punctuality is considered a virtue in China. It is important not to wear bright colors for meetings; men should wear dark colored conservative business suits. Women should wear a conservative business suit or dress with a high neckline and flat shoes or not much of a heel. There is no gender bias in China. About the introductions, when greeting the Chinese, the highest official or eldest will start the introductions and will either bow slightly while looking to the ground or shake hands while looking to the ground, do not look them in the eye during the introductions but do state their honorific title and then surname. Example, â€Å"It is an honor to meet with you, President Chen.† They have a great sense of humor and like to laugh if they are comfortable. If it is appropriate on your behalf at any time, be sure to laugh at yourself. The names of all who will be at the meeting and their titles, of course, would be important to have in each member’s portfolio. Once the introductions have been made and you have been given the invitation, provide information about Company A and what is desired to be accomplished. If offered a business card always accept with both hands and look at it with interest on both sides and then place on the table in the front of the place setting o r in a suit pocket or briefcase, never in the back pocket. When giving a business card use two hands and place Chinese side up to the Chinese officer. Only the eldest officer from each business will hold the conversation for negotiation. All others will listen. Posture and facial expression is very important to the Chinese and persons attending the meetings must watch carefully and be aware of their posture and facial expressions to remain neutral. There should not be any staring into another’s eyes only concentration on what is being said and careful glancing to notice expressions. Tone of voice is of great importance and  should be closely noted. Relationship cultivation is first, no agreement will be made at this meeting. When the meeting concludes the Chinese will say they will think about it, accept that answer just as they say, thinking about it (Ltd. 2004) and be patient for the deal to close at another time. It may take several meetings to finish the business deal. When the Chinese diplomat in charge invites the visiting company to a banquet, this is a signal that they are ready to give their final answer. They use a banquet to celebrate (Ltd. 2004). Our company needs to be patient and ready. In China, it is not customary to give gifts; it is considered bribery and illegal. It is only acceptable to bring a wrapped gift for the most senior officer in the company after the business deal is complete and state that the gift is from your company and that it is wished for the senior officer to accept it on behalf of their company. If there are wrapped gifts for more than one individual in a group, all gifts must be different and monetarily representative of the status for each individual. It is disrespectful to give the same gift choice to several individuals, the gifts must be different, and the value spent commensurate with the associate receiving the gift. If meeting over dinner our members must remember to wait until the host shows them to their personal seat, and recognize that the executive who called the dinner will be paying for all, no one is going â€Å"Dutch.† Remember to talk about whatever interests them and the food. Generally, light talk is expected. No business will be discussed while dining. The seating behavior is much like it is in formal dining with the United States. Unlike the U.S., though take time with dining and eat all you can or at least make it appear that time is not important. Eating is a very social event with the Chinese, never a rush. They may not hurry to be at a dinner or meal for a certain time, but may be slightly late. Timeliness is not crucial as is expected for a business meeting. It is rare to be invited to a Chinese home. If this occurs, be on time, take a gift and offer it three times but do not expect them to open it in front of you. Take off your shoes and do not pay attention to slurping or belching noises, this is the Chinese way to show enjoyment with the food. All business personnel must learn to eat with chopsticks (Ltd. 2004). These culture differences are very important though strange to what our customs are here in America. All Chinese customs must be followed carefully to have a  successful business relationship in China. References Brighter, Mr. Made In China.Com. 2011. http://cntruck.en.made-in-china.com/ (accessed December 12, 2011). China, Neso. Social Norms, Saving and Losing Face. October 4, 2010. http://www.nesochina.org/dutch-students/preparing-your-stay/social-norms (accessed December 11, 2011). Economy, Macau. Macaus Economy Grows 21.8 percent from January to September. Macau Hub Magazine on line. December 1, 2011. http://www.macauhub.com.mo/en/2011/12/01/macaus-economy-grows-21-8-pct-from-january-to-september/ (accessed December 11, 2011). Gao, Kane. Public Relations and Strategic Communications. Illuminant A Source of Light. January 17, 2011. http://www.illuminantpartners.com/2011/01/17/color/ (accessed December 12, 2011). Intelligence, China Research. Research Report on China Truck Industry. April 12, 2011. http://marketinfoguide.com/2011/04/12/research-report-china-truck-industry-2011-2012/ (accessed December 12, 2011). King, Susan. Facts About Chinese Business Attire. eHow Culture and Society. 199 9. http://www.ehow.com/about_5040513_chinese-business-attire.html (accessed December 11, 2011). Lehman, Edward. Media and Advertising. Lehman, Lee, Xu. 1992. http://www.lehmanlaw.com/practices/media-and-advertising.html (accessed December 12, 2011). Ltd., Kwintessential. Chinese Etiquette and Customs. Kwintessential. 2004. http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/china-country-profile.html (accessed December 13, 2011). Roberts, Kimberly. International Business Gift Giving Overview. 1998. http://www.cyborlink.com/besite/international_gift_giving.htm (accessed December 11, 2011).

Innocents Market Entry In Spain

Innocents Market Entry In Spain Introduction To evaluate the possibility of a market entry in Spain, a brief analysis concerning the company and the market will be conducted in this report. Chapter 1: Profile of the innocent company The large-scale company Innocent Ltd was founded by three friends in London in 1999, where it also has its headquarter and today employees about 275 people (Datamonitor 2009). Before they could start their business they had to find and investor, which was very difficult, as they wanted to go on a competitive market, the big drink and food industry. (Germain Reed p. 48 2009) The UK juice market is dominated by Pepsico owned Tropicana and Copella which is the parent company of the PJ smoothie brand. (Germain Reed p. 111 2009) The product range consists of â€Å"smoothies, smoothies for kids, superfruit smoothies, thickies† followed by â€Å"orange juice† and â€Å"veg pots† in 2008 and extended by â€Å"pure fruit squeezies† for kids in 2009 and a recipe book is available. (innocent 2009) The company has a strong brand image standing for natural, healthy and tasty products. They describe their main values as follows: â€Å"Natural, entrepreneurial, responsible, commercial and generous.† (p. 79) Thereby they created a USP by using only natural ingredients and this leads to a competitive advantage against their major competitors â€Å"Merrydown Plc., Kallo Foods Ltd., Princes Limited, SHS Group Ltd. and Britvic Plc.†(Datamonitor 2009) Innocent can be associated with a social and environmental responsible business, which can be seen in a large number of charity and environmental projects. In general a minimum of 10 % is given to Charity each year (Germain Reed p. 83 2009). Through developed communities on facebook, twitter und youtube Innocent is in a continuous informal dialog with their customers. The multilingual webpage provides consumers with detailed information about Innocent, their operations and an advisor page about healthy eating. (innocent 2009) In contrast innocents deal with Mc Donalds to sell the kids smoothies aroused discussions concerning the brand image. It was found that innocent had put sugar in their Juicy Water in 2007. (Daily Telegraph, 2007) There had been some controversial discussions about the production of smoothies, if they are really fresh and natural when the fruit and ingredients travel on a long way. (Donoghue, 2008) In the first three years sales increased from 2 to 16 million euro. S. 64 the predicted turnover will be between 105 and 110 million pounds in 2009. (Tryhorn Sweney 2009) Innocent is the market leader in its product segment in Europe (Daniel 2009) which serves a niche market and has an 82% market share in the UK. (IRI Infoscan 2009) In general the market decreases but in 2009 Innocents sales increased again, e.g. due to the new product vegetable potsâ€Å". (Sibun 2009) Markets Currently the company operates in the European market in 13 countries. Innocent launched its smoothies at first in the UK and then in Ireland, which was a logical step, as the market provided the lowest risk because of similar conditions. Today Ireland is innocents second largest market. (Germain Reed 2009) Innocent incrementally entered the following markets: Germany, Sweden, Northern Ireland, Finland, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria and Denmark. (Germain Reed, p. 64, 2009) Channels The company concentrates on its core competences are RD and Marketing, such as creating new recipes and their knowledge about fruit in general and creating a brand image. All the manufacturing parts of the business are outsourced to their partners, which saves them a lot of money, because they do not need to invest in technical equipment for the production process. (Germain Reed, p. 58, 2009) Moreover they have subsidiaries in Ireland, France, Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany. (Reed, 2007) Innocent has distribution partners selling their products to over 10,000 retailers. (innocent 2009) In the UK the innocent products are available in all Sainsburys, Waitrose, Somerfield supermarkets and in some branches of Morrisons, Budgens, Tesco, Safeway and Asda. Furthermore the products are available in chains such as Starbucks, Bagel Factory, Boots, Booths, Road Chef, Welcome Break, Moto, EAT, OBriens and in â€Å"independent sandwhich shops, delis, health food places and the odd meditation centre.† (innocent 2009) Furthermore premium food outlets and food halls of well known department stores should underline their image of quality food. (Germain Reeds, p.122, 2009) The latest discussion this year was the investment of Coca-Cola as a minority stakeholder with 10 20 % for 30 million pounds. It seems to be a common issue for niche companies that they need more capital to grow but at the same time need to convince people that they are still the same company with the same values. Innocent published a statement on their website. They will use the capital to invest in their European expansion. (Thryhorn Sweney 2009) Chapter 2: Analysis of the Spanish market For the assessment of the Spanish market potential for innocent smoothies it is necessary to carry out a market analysis which can be done by following the 12 C framework and Porters five forces. First of all general information about the country and a focus on the macro environmental factors is needed to get an overview about the political, economic, socio cultural, legal regulatory and technological forces a company might have to deal with in that market. Country: The Kingdom of Spain has a population of 40 million inhabitants that live in a country of 499,542 km ². (p. 10) Political forces: Spain is a member of the EU which has a close integration with other members and profits from EU economic supports that helped the nation for a better standard of living. (Country Report, p. 3) Spain has a parliament monarchy (p. 36) which is ruled by a government with a thin majority at the moment and is therefore dependent of regional parties such as the Catalan and Basque to precede new legislations. This has a negative effect on the promptness of economic processes (p. 14) The federal structure with its regional units autonomy faces difficulties with Basque and Catalonia which fight for independence and that represents a risk of political instability (p. 15) Economic forces: As every country, Spain has to deal with recession and the GDP growth is expected to be negative with 2% (p. 49) Furthermore this country has the biggest drop of all developed nations to 1.8 % in annual economic growth in 2009 (p. 17) Since 2008 the major challenges the country has to deal with are falling inflation and the level of unemployment which is very high and might increase further. (p. 17) Weak domestic demand is also a result of the crisis (p. 2) But the financial system itself is well-developed and integrated into international financial markets. Normally the Spanish banks stand for a high standard of solvency. (p. 3) Along to lines of the EU recovery plan, Spain has implemented some activities such as tax cuts and investment projects to stimulate the economy (p. 54) as well as a fiscal stimulus package that should help increasing investments. (p. 3) In general the economic crises with all its effects leads to an economic slowdown and a long-lasting recov ery period. (p. 16) Social cultural forces: The official language is Spanish, but in certain regions the people speak Catalan, Basque and Galician. The main religion is Roman Catholic which a company should keep in mind when creating advertisement. (p. 10) Spain has to face the problem of an aging population and unemployment which increases an inequality in income and causes social tension as well as the increasing immigration in Spain. (p. 4) The income differs as well between the different regions. (p. 22) The tertiary education grows which could provide the opportunities for companies to get well educated people in that country. (p. 3) Most of the population that means around 78 % of the people live in urban areas around the big cities and many of them around the capital Madrid. (p. 65) Legal regulatory forces: Improvement of legal climate was made by the Spanish government with several reforms such as reduction in tax rates and foreign investment regulations are simplified. (p. 80) Government has an important role in wage fixation (p. 2) which could be important to know if companies develop a subsidiary in Spain. In general the intervention of the government in the market is a challenge. (p. 27) Because the legal Spanish rules and trade regulations are adapted to EU standards business across borders should be easier now. (p. 80) Spain has a high economic freedom score and is on 16th place among 43 countries. Property rights, business, trade, financial and investment freedom are very strong. In contrast to that it is weak in government size, labour and fiscal freedom. (p. 83) Technological forces: Weak input form venture capitalists and private sector causes a lack of entrepreneurship and innovation. (p. 23) Compared to other EU members Spain has been not so quick in adopting technological advancements, but there are things done to change it. (p.71) For example the communication and information segment grew fast in 2002-2006 (p. 73) The environmental policies were created by following EU guidelines (p. 4) and different measures are or will be implemented to reduce impact on climate change (p. 8) Impact of hot climate and a possible gap in water supply may influence some companys production process. (p. 88) (Datamonitor Country Analysis Report Spain, April 2009) Market-specific analysis The juice market includes products from concentrate and not concentrated juice as well as fruit and vegetable drinks and nectars. (Juice Report, p. 7) Market potential: The market value for beverages constantly increases in Spain and has an overall growth of 49% from 1999 2012. (Datamonitor table 2009) The beverage industry can be divided in different categories. The smoothies belong to the soft drinks under non-alcoholic beverages. In comparison to the other non-alcoholic beverages smoothies have the highest market value growth in Europe from 1999 2012 with 458 %. (Datamonitor table 2009) To evaluate the market potential for innocent smoothies in Spain it would be necessary to gather more concrete data. Market size: Spain has a population of 40 million people (Country Report, p. 10) Fruit drinks from juice/concentrate have the highest market share with 36.3 % by value in Spain. 100 % fruit juice that means not from concentrate has a market share of 16.6 % by value in 2008 and the vegetable juice 21%. (Juice Report, p11) Hence there is a market for innocents smoothies but as in other countries it is only a niche market. Market growth: In 2008 the total revenue was $ 2.4 billion, that means an annually grow with a rate of 2.2 % in the period of 2004-2008 and it is expected to reach $ 2.7 million by the end of 2013. (Juice report, p. 7) Profit potential: Until 2013 the market volume is expected to grow with a rate of 2.8% annually. The market volume is expected to increase with 14.8 %. (Juice Report,p.29) The market value is predicted to grow until 2013 with a rate of 2,5 %. (Juice Report, p. 28 ) Indirect competitors: In the beverage industry, especially non-alcoholic drinks, softdrinks: concentrates, functional drinks, juices, bottled water, carbonates, tea, coffee, hot drinks, baby drinks are indirect competitors. (Datamonitor table 2009) Concentration: The Spanish drink retail market is less concentrated in comparison to other countries in the EU. (Juice Report, p. 15) It is necessary to find a statistic where the spread and number of different supermarkets or chains can be seen all over Spain, to decide which retailer could be the most effective for innocent. Therefore it is also important to keep in mind that most of the population lives in urban areas around the big cities. Culture/consumer behaviour: Spain is a typical Mediterranean country with different cultural groupings. (see socio cultural forces) How the Spanish people decide for products and what has the major influence on their purchasing behaviour should be analysed in more detail with a closer look on their lifestyle. In general it is known that they live how it comes and are more spontaneous. But one of the purchasing influences could be that the income between regions and people is really different. (Country report, p.22) Choices: If innocent should launch there products on that market requires a deeper analysis of the companys possible strengths and weaknesses in the Spanish market. As well as on the other European markets. innocent has a niche product and has to compete against global big players in the beverage industry. Their strength is the natural product with environmental and social business ethics. The analysis of suppliers is also necessary. The supplier power is not that strong because numerous operate as small companies. The fruit and vegetable growers sell to with the help of wholesalers or directly to manufacturers. (Juice Report p. 16) For innocent it could be possible to order their fruits from Spanish fruit suppliers which could also help them with their image that they support local companies in their supply chain. Competitors on the Spanish juice market are Juver Alimentacion, S.A. with a 13.3 % market share by volume, followed by PepsiCo, Inc. with a market share of 6.3 % and J. Garcia Carrion with 5.6 %. (Juice Report, p. 13) Juver Alimentaction S.L.U company has a wide range of brands and operates mainly in the Spanish market and also exclusive in restaurants. (p.20) PepsiCo, Inc. is a global player with a wide range of brands and products in the food and beverage industry. (p. 23) J Garcia Carrion produces wine, fruit juice and soft drinks operates primarily in Spain. (p. 26) Other beverage products are indirect competitors which the company has to keep in mind. New entrants is possible as well through product diversification of an operating company in this market or for example a foreign companies export products which would be innocent (Juice report p.17) How much of the Spanish juice market is from imported products and how open the consumer is to non national product needs to be find out. Consumption: Demand for juice can be found in Spain as mentioned before, the market share and value of juice is increasing. A deeper end use analysis should be made by the innocent company for their smoothies. A threat of substitutes such as other non-alcoholic drinks as mentioned before can be found on the Spanish market because switching cost would be relatively low for retailers and consumers. (Juice Report p.18) Contractual obligation: Spain is a member of the EU and therefore business practice, ways of insurance and legal obligations should be similar to the other countries innocent already operates in. (See legal + economic forces) For specific matters the company should cooperate maybe with lawyers or business people in that country. Commitments: To extend their products to the Spanish market innocent has the advantage that Spain is a country of the European Union. Trade incentives and barriers should be moderate. But as stated in the Country Report on p. 17 the EU has comparatively high import tarrifs for fruit juice which could make retailers not import juice from foreign countries. Channels: The market access would be in geographical term easy to proceed. Spain has a well developed infrastructure with ports, airports and one of the best railway systems in Western Europe (Country Report p. 24) Innocent could use most of their current supply chain which would save them time and money. The distribution system in the Spanish juice market is dominated by on-trade with 27.9 % followed by independent retailers 25.2%, supermarkets/hypermarkets 24.9 % and 22% others. (Juice Report p. 27) Communication: Media infrastructure as stated in technological forces is growing and available to reach the target group. Marketing in collaboration with retailers and on TV might be the most effective way to reach the target group. In the big cities big adverts might be also a good solution. It would be good to do further evaluation of the costs of the different modes and how often people watch TV or which media such as newspaper, internet and mobiles they use in which way. This also should include how and through which channels the Spanish people do their shopping. Innocent could also use their company cars for promotion tours. Capacity to pay: As found out in the economic forces the unemployment is high and income divers among the people and between the regions, so that it is reasonably that the capacity to pay is very different across the Spanish country and probably higher in big cities. The price level is 10 % lower than the EU average. (eurostat, p. 4)To find out more about the culture of pricing and trends, how insurance terms work and what common conditions of payment are in Spain, a more specific analysis is needed. The ECB controls the fiscal policy in Spain because it is a member of the EU. Price stability is a main intention of the central bank in Spain. (Country Report p. 59) Insurance regulator, to prevent unhealthy practice Currency: As all the other countries that innocent operates in Spain has the Euro currency as well. The Euro is at the moment a stronger currency in comparison to UKs sterling. Exchange controls nearly do not exist anymore (Country Report p.80) and restrictions are widened and adapted to EU standards. (see legal forces) Caveats: Innocent should be aware of the fact that Basque and Islamic terrorist groups have a presences in the country which might be a risk. (Country Report, p. 3) Porters five forces: new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers and buyers the threat of substitutes and the market competitors with their intensity of rivalry (Hollensen p.) are seen as moderate in the juice market in Spain (Juice Report p.15) and are included in the 12 C analysis. Some of the large chains and buying groups boost buyer power. (Juice Report p. 15) Rivalry is weakened because the 3 competitors mentioned earlier are operating in more than one segment. (Juice Report p. 19) Chapter 3 Challenges The principal challenge of the Spanish market is first of all that there are already many companies on the juice market. Innocent offers only a niche product with a relatively high price which could be difficult as a high unemployment rate and an unequal income is characteristically for the country. Furthermore the potential consumers are spread in the country side and in contrast to that a bigger concentration with people live around the big cities. Product: Innocent should think about if they have to adapt their products. It may be that the Spanish people have a different taste. The product labels need to be in Spanish. It might be that people from Catalan and Basque do not buy the smoothies because they are not in their language. The Spanish people might be not open to fruit products from the UK, as they have their own fresh fruits in the country. Promotion: Cultural difference should be taken into account when innocent creates their advertisement. Most of the Spanish population is Roman catholic. All the materials have to be in Spanish so that the people can understand them. To promote the product on this new market innocent will need to invest a lot of time and money to achieve a certain degree of brand awareness and a positive customer perception. Therefore they should first concentrate on regional advertisement and later on national advertisement. Price: They have to explain their premium price to the Spanish consumers and therefore need to create a perception by the consumer that they will benefit from this product. If they want to have a chance it this market they might have to adapt their price to common prices in the Spanish juice market. Place: Innocent has to find distributors that can supply their products to the target group. In every country innocent uses retailers and supermarket chains in the respective country. It will be a challenge for innocent to get stocked with Spanish retailers, as they need those who have a wide spread over the country and a good reputation. The space is rare on the supermarket shelves and they will need a good strategy to convince the retailers to exchange products with those from innocent. Furthermore innocent needs to find such retailers or stores that match to there brand image. When they get contracts with Spanish retailers they might also loose a certain control over the supply chain of their products. Chapter 4 Market entry modes For the first two years it is recommendable that innocent uses export modes as a market entry model. At the beginning the risk is higher that the Spanish people will not accept the smoothies. Export modes are less cost intensive and therefore present a lower risk for the innocent company. For a direct export mode the innocent company needs to build up contacts with distributors or agents in the Spanish market. In the beginning they should mainly concentrate on big cities such as Barcelona and Madrid and the urban areas around these big cities. High end supermarket chains which need to be researched in detail by innocent are most suitable for their brand image. How to go into markets? tried different versions franchise brand, joint ventures? Having team in the country, mix of know hoc innocent and local Try to get in the best outlets PR- vans out on the road Word of mouth When certain distribution level reached, regional advertising, national advertising campaign hotels Trade regulations most of the products import from EU countries without duty or not much depends on product.t preferential tariffs and EU trade barriers are also applied p. 82 â€Å"Spanish law permits foreign investment of up to 100 % of equity, capital movements liberalized, â€Å"authority of Spanish competition commission widened to make enforcement more effective p. 4 Bibliography Dan Germain, Richard Reed Innocent our story some things weve learned. 2009 London, Penguin Books Donoghue, A. (2008) Innocent Smoothiess green claims go pear-shaped. Business Green, 8 August. Sibun, J. (2009) Tough time for smoothie maker Innocent. Daily Telegraph, 8 November. (2007) Innocent has lost its innocence. Daily Telegraph, 20 May

News Broadcasting Essay -- News Analysis Essays

News Broadcasting On April 7, 1997, I watched NBC 5 News at 6. Warner Saunders (filling in for Ron Majors) and Carol Marin were co-anchors. Because I do not usually watch the news, I found myself seeing it with fresh eyes. For instance, I never before realized how little time is spent on each story within a 30-minute newscast. I knew they were brief, but I didn't know just how brief they were. The story lengths were from 20 seconds to three-and-a-half minutes. Watching the newscast from a critical perspective made me more aware of the role local television news programs play in our lives. I now see that they give people a brief overview of the day's events on the national and local scenes. Because people in today's society have many demands on their time – work, family, school, leisure pursuits – they need to get their news quickly. They rely on their favorite television news programs to keep them informed. They should be aware, however, that the time constraints of a 30-minute local newscast limit the amount of information it can give its viewers. For more in-depth coverage they should supplement the TV news with other media sources, such as newspapers, magazines, and radio news programs. As long as viewers take the inherent limitations into account while they watch the evening news, it is a quick, easy way to stay informed on daily events and unfolding or ongoing stories in their own and surrounding communities. The newscast began with a story on the impending appointment of Chicago's next archbishop and a new development in the story – the addition of Francis George, a dark horse candidate, to the list of possible replacements for John Cardinal Bernadin who died five months ago. The new development and the news that... ...go on April 7, 1997. The announcement of a new archbishop for Chicago is clearly news. So are stories that reaffirm our humanity and the resilience of the human spirit – the drowned high school student, the 13-year-old boy and the 10-year-old girl struggling to come back to life from the brink of death – and, certainly, the story of an innocent 7-year-old girl shot down during a senseless act of violence. Stories of missing boaters and heroic efforts to find them are news as well. Even stories of aberrant behavior and politicians falling from grace are news. However, as I stated earlier, it is important to supplement TV news with other sources of information, e.g., a reputable newspaper, a weekly news magazine, or a radio news broadcast, for more in-depth coverage, insights gained from different perspectives, and any stories not covered in the television newscasts.